I’m gonna go with no, because of containerization and permission management. On your computer, any program can do pretty much anything, unless you explicitly take measures against this. On a smartphone, you get a lot of control over your apps. In newer Android versions you can even completely disable cameras and microphones (even if only in software).

I would use a throwaway account and avoid giving Google any personal data tho. Of course they could still figure stuff out, but it’s harder and unreliable, not to mention super-duper illegal (at least in the EU), so I kinda doubt they go the extra mile.